Radiation that has sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms is called:

Ionizing radiation is defined by its ability to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, which can lead to the formation of ions. This type of radiation includes particles such as alpha and beta particles, as well as high-energy electromagnetic waves like gamma rays and X-rays. The energy possessed by ionizing radiation is high enough to overcome the binding energy of electrons, resulting in ionization.

This property is critical in various contexts, particularly in hazardous waste operations and emergency response, as it poses health risks that require proper safety measures to protect workers and the environment. Ensuring that workers are knowledgeable about the characteristics of different types of radiation allows for more effective risk assessments and implementation of safety protocols.

On the other hand, infrared radiation, non-ionizing radiation, and ultraviolet radiation do not possess sufficient energy to displace electrons from atoms. Non-ionizing radiation, like infrared and ultraviolet, can cause other types of interactions with matter but lacks the energy required for ionization.