Which of the following is a consequence of not having proper ventilation in a confined space?

The consequence of not having proper ventilation in a confined space is a higher risk of toxic exposure. In confined spaces, the potential for hazardous atmospheres exists due to the accumulation of various gases or vapors, which can be harmful or even fatal to workers. Proper ventilation is crucial because it helps to dilute and disperse these hazardous substances, ensuring that oxygen levels are maintained at safe levels and that toxic gases are removed or diluted to non-hazardous concentrations.

Without adequate ventilation, harmful substances can build up to dangerous levels quickly. Workers may be exposed to toxic chemicals, which can lead to adverse health effects, including respiratory issues, loss of consciousness, or longer-term health problems. It is essential for safety protocols to include effective ventilation systems in confined spaces to mitigate these risks and ensure a safe working environment.

The other choices presented do not align with the consequences of poor ventilation. Increased worker comfort, reduced atmospheric hazards, and improved efficiency in work are all outcomes that typically result from effective ventilation, rather than being consequences of inadequate ventilation.